Answer:
1- The correct answer is A. The North relied on the South for their agricultural products.
2- The correct answer is B. The Wilmot Proviso was divisive to Congress because Southern congressmen opposed the banning of slavery from the new territories.
3- The correct answer is C. California's status as a state showed that a state could be cut in half to maintain the balance of power.
4- The correct answer is C. Southerners supported the Kansas-Nebraska Act because it repealed the ban on slavery in the Louisiana Purchase territory.
5- The correct answer is D. Abraham Lincoln's position on slavery during the Lincoln-Douglas debates was to abolish slavery in the entire United States.
6- The correct answer is A. A result of John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry was that northerners praised him as a hero despite his death as a criminal.
7- The correct answer is C. Northerners were unhappy about the Compromise of 1850 because they did not approve of the new Fugitive Slave Act.
8- The correct answer is A. In his inaugural address in 1860, Lincoln made clear that secession was not an option and would not be accepted by the federal government.
9- The correct answers are B, D and E.
Explanation:
1- While in the North the cold and the rocky soil created a tendency to trade, manufacturing and regional development; in the South, the warm climate and fertile soil favored agriculture, developed under the plantation system, favoring a rural and aristocratic lifestyle.
However, while the North was against slavery, the South was its main supplier of raw materials to supply its industries.
2- The Wilmot Proviso was a submission filed on August 8, 1846 by David Wilmot, a member of the House of Representatives, in the US Congress. It stated that slavery could not be introduced in the vast areas that had fallen to the United States during the Mexican-American War. The application was filed several times over the next few years, but it was never passed. This failed mainly because of southern resistance in the Senate.
3- The entry of California into the union was very controversial due to the political imbalance that caused the entry of a non-slave state into the country.
As a result, the Compromise of 1850 was signed, which caused the balance between free and slave states to be maintained: California became a free state while Utah and New Mexico became slave territories.
4- This law sought to organize two new states in the Louisiana Purchase Territory, where slavery had been prohibited, leaving under popular sovereignty the decision of whether they should be free or slave states, thus nullifying the prohibition of slavery in that territory.
5- The Lincoln-Douglas debates were a series of public speaking sources between Abraham Lincoln (Republican) and Stephen Douglas (Democrat) on the occasion of the mid-term elections in 1858 in the state of Illinois.
Lincoln argued that the guarantees expressed in the Declaration of Independence by the Founding Fathers were valid also for black people, while Douglas preferred that the extension of rights to blacks be decided by popular sovereignty, being a choice of the population of each state.
6- On October 16, 1859, supported by North abolitionists, Brown planned to create liberated zones in the hills of the western part of Virginia and with 20 of his followers he raided and took the federal arsenal of Harpers Ferry (present West Virginia) and was made with control of the city. His group was surrounded by an Army company under the command of Colonel Robert E. Lee. Ten Brown men, including two of his sons, died in the ensuing battle, and he was wounded and forced to surrender. He was arrested and charged with treason and murder, executed on December 2, 1859, in Charles Town, West Virginia (then Virginia), thus becoming a martyr for the abolitionist cause for some, and an extremist for others.
7- As a result of the Compromise of 1850, a stricter Fugitive Slave Act was enacted, which established that every captured black would be considered a fugitive slave if a white claimed it as his own. The black man's testimony, on the other hand, was worthless, and he had no legal possibility to prove that he was not a fleeing slave, nor did he know the white man who claimed to be its owner. In total, 332 blacks were captured under the protection of this law throughout the 1850s.
8- Lincoln's inaugural address was delivered on March 4, 1861, very shortly before the start of the Civil War. In this speech, Lincoln advocated the union between the north and the south of the United States. But he made it clear that, in case the south tried to secede, the federal government would respond with all its might.
9- Northerners thought that:
-The federal government has the power to make certain decisions that apply in all the states.
-Slavery should be illegal in all states.
Southerners thought that:
-The states have the right to decide whether they want to follow the federal government's laws.
