The rhythm which shows a normal rate, normal QRS and PRI durations, and an absent beat or beats is sinus pause.
When there are periods of three seconds or longer without atrial activity, it is called a sinus pause or arrest. This is frequently saved by an escape rhythm, which might have ventricular, junctional, or atrial origins. There is a 3 second beat pause, although this pause is normal if the time does not go beyond 3 second.
Hyperkalemia, high vagal tone, ischemic, inflammatory, or infiltrative or fibrotic illness of the SA node, as well as other conditions, can cause sinus pause. it is also known as sinus arrest, and exit block.
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Peter the Great was a Russian Tsar (emperor) in the years of 1672-1725. His rule left Russia a lot bigger, as Peter the Great expanded the territories and westernized, as Peter led a cultural revolution to modernize and westernize Russia.
12. is answer B
13. is answer A
