When the Europeans arrived, carrying germs which thrived in dense, semi-urban populations, the indigenous people of the Americas were effectively doomed.
There are a lot of remains and signs of UK in Austrialia. Perhaps one of the most visible ones (apart from the flag) is the left-hand traffic in Australia, very typical of former colonies of UK. Additionally, Austrialians see the Queen on their 5 dollar bill.
This would be said by the marxist, socialist sociological perspective. They would most likely argue that educational inequalities are there in place to reinforce the upper echelons of society so that the divison between the working class and the burgeois will always remain and be in favor of the latter.
Because of pollution and over hunting