As electrons move along the chain, hydrogen ion are pumped from the stroma of the chloroplast into thylakoid lumen. these leads to creation of proton gradient in thylakoid lumen with the potential energy that will be used to synthesize ATP by enzyme ATPase in the process referred to as rotational catalysis. both chloroplast and mitochondria use electron transport chain to pump protons across the membrane and both enzyme ATPase to produce ATP using proton gradient created in the process of transport of hydrogen ions. the main existing between the electron transport chains of chloroplast and mitochondria is the initial source of energy. chloroplasts obtain their energy from sunlight whereas mitochondria obtain theirs from organic molecules.
<span>''Science is the </span>study<span> of the </span>world around<span> us''.</span> The steps are explore, ask questions, and formulate a response to what your making and observation of.
Polygenic is a<span> </span>trait<span> that is controlled by a group of </span>nonallelic <span>genes. </span>For example, humans can be many different sizes. Height is a polygenic trait, controlled by at least three genes with six alleles. If you are dominant for all of the alleles for height, then you will be very tall. ... Skin color is also a polygenic trait, as are hair and eye color. A trait that is controlled by a group of nonallelic <span>genes
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Answer:
When it needs water it will release oxygen into the atmosphere. That makes more room for water and it can suck it up.
Explanation:
The given question is incomplete. The complete question is:
Question: When a neuron responds to a particular neurotransmitter by opening gated ion channels, the neurotransmitter is serving as which part of the signal pathway?
A) relay molecule
B) transducer
C) signal molecule
D) response molecule
Answer:
C) signal molecule
Explanation:
Signaling cells produce specific chemicals or compounds called signaling molecules. These signaling molecules arrive at their target cells and bind to the cell surface or intracellular receptors. Binding of the signaling molecules to their receptors present on the target cells is followed by signal transduction and production of desired response by the target cells.
Neurotransmitters serve as signal molecules that bind to the receptors present on the membranes of the postsynaptic neurons to bring about changes in the membrane potential. Their binding may trigger the opening of the gated ion channels resulting in a change in the membrane potential followed by generation of inhibitory or excitatory responses.
