It basically means that if I say you are stupid or something like that, then you would take that and act/do stupid things.... you let other peoples judgment about you, take over, and you act like you are what they say you are, instead of what you really truely are.
This is the law that states that for every action there is a reaction. The force that you hit the table with returned and reacted upon you. Due to this reaction, the coffee in your cup spilled.
The answer is C. The depopulation of the Americas, the overall effect was a decreased population growth worldwide.
Americans had never had diseases like smallpox, measles, whooping cough, among others, for that reason, they did not have defenses against them, when there was the interchange with the Europeans, there were a lot of deaths, which caused a big decreased in the population and in world general, because native people could not fight with those diseases.