The "R" group is the variable in an amino acid
C, FeO2. A and B are reactants.
Acids and bases determine pH. Acids have pH 0 -7 while bases have pH 7 -14. Enzymes function within a very narrow optimum range of pH.
Different enzymes have different optimum pH values. This is the pH value at which the bonds within them are influenced by H+ and OH- ions in such a way that the shape of their active site is most complementary to the shape of their substrate.
Extreme changes in pH above or below the optimum as caused by strong bases and acids can cause the weak linkages e.g. hydrogen bonds in the enzyme's protein molecules to break permanently resulting in denaturation of the protein and impairing its functions because the enzyme can no longer conform its active site to complement that of its substrate and therefore no reaction can take place.
The color blindness would be from his mother, since it is located in the X chromosome, and since his father is not color blind, and he only has one X chromosome, it could not come from him, but since the trait is recessive in women (meaning that it is covered up by a capital X) it means his mother could have the trait in one of her chromosomes, but not the other. Unfortunately Bob got the short end of the stick and got the chromosome with color blindness, and since men only have one X chromosome, it is dominant in men, leaving Bob with color blindness.
Yes! This is because of the law of thermodynamics which suggests that as energy is transferred or relayed into other forms of energy, entropy increases. Thank you for your question. Please don't hesitate to ask in Brainly your queries.