Sequential cleavage from the non-reducing terminals of glucose molecules is required for both glycogen degradation and polysaccharides hydrolysis.
Why non-reducing end is selected for digestion?
A polysaccharide's non-reducing end is the one where an anomeric carbon participates in the glycosidic connection. The elimination of carbohydrate remnants one at a time out from the non-reducing terminal occurs during glycogenolysis and polysaccharides hydrolysis.
- For example, several enzymes are involved in glycogenolysis in the liver and muscle.
- An example of such an enzyme is glycogen phosphorylase, which catalyzes the successive dissociation of the alpha 1->4 glycosidic bond that connects two glucose molecules at a non-reducing terminal of glycogen. The last glucose residue is eliminated as alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate.
That is why non-reducing end of glucose is chosen for digestion or breakdown of the carbohydrate polymer.
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Answer:
True
Explanation:
It is true as in Mendel's law of inheritance
Commensalism. the symbiont benefits and the host is unharmed.
The two major systems involved in the stress response are the Nervous System [the Sympathetic subdivision of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)] and the Endocrine System (glands which secrete hormones intonthe bloodstream).
The Endocrine System's response during acute and/or chronic stress (adaptation) involves first the Hypothalamic release of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH), which stimulates the Anterior Pituitary (via the blood) to release AdrenoCorticoTropic Hormone (ACTH), which then activates the Adrenal Cortex to release glucocorticoid hormones (i.e. Cortisol), amongst others into the bloodstream. Cortisol then has many effects on tissues and organs throughout the body to allow better generalized coping with the initial stress stimulus.
Answer:
0.78
Explanation:
Fitness measures the probability of survival and reproduction of a particular phenotype or genotype in a population.
Relative fitness measures how fit one genotype or phenotype is with respect to the most fit genotype or phenotype in a popualtion. It is calculated as = survival rate of that group / maximum survival rate observed in that population
Here,
Total number of yellow birds = 263
Yellows birds that survived = 150
Survival rate of yellow birds = 150/263 = 0.57
Total number of grey birds = 413
Grey birds that survived = 303
Survival rate of grey birds = 303/413 = 0.73
Grey birds have more survival rate than yellow birds so their survival rate is maximum in the population.
Fitness of yellow phenotype relative to grey phenotype = survival rate of yellow birds / survival rate of grey birds
= 0.57 / 0.73
= 0.78
Hence, fitness of the yellow phenotype relative to the grey one is 0.78.
