Deforestation, that would be clearing the land leading to desertification
E0 ellipticals are nearly circular, while E7s are very stretched out. Elliptical galaxies are made up of mostly old stars, and do not have much gas and dust. There is very little new star formation in these galaxies.
Mostly made of old stars
<span>trucks drive on them while they are frozen...</span>
I would have to say (C) Both countries are former colonies of France. GOOD LUCK!