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3 years ago

Which quantity determines how two atoms bond? (1 poir

Chemistry

1 answer:

MAVERICK [17]3 years ago

5 0

Answer:

B) the difference in thier electronegatives

Explanation:

- The electronegativity value of an element is a measure of its electron affinity

- In essence, the electronegativity value of an element determines if the element is an electron donor or acceptor.

Ultimately, the difference between the electronegativities of two atoms determines how the atoms bond.

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A chemist must prepare 800.0mL of sodium hydroxide solution with a pH of 12.10 at 25°C. She will do this in three steps: Fill a

AnnZ [28]

Answer:

0.42 g

Explanation:

We have:

pH = 12.10 (25 °C)

V = 800.0 mL = 0.800 L

To find the mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) we can use the pH:

$14 = pH + pOH$

$pOH = 14 - pH = 14 - 12.10 = 1.90$

$pOH = -log ([OH^{-}])$

$[OH]^{-} = 10^{-pOH} = 10^{-1.90} = 0.013 M$

Now, we can find the number of moles (η) of OH:

$\eta = ([OH]^{-})*V = 0.013 mol/L * 0.800 L = 1.04 \cdot 10^{-2} moles$

Since we have 1 mol of OH in 1 mol of NaOH, the number of moles of NaOH is equal to 1.04x10⁻² moles.

Finally, with the number of moles we can find the mass of NaOH:

$m = \eta * M$

Where M is the molar mass of NaOH = 39.9 g/mol

$m = 1.04 \cdot 10^{-2} moles * 39.9 g/mol = 0.42 g$

Therefore, the mass of sodium hydroxide that the chemist must weigh out in the second step is 0.42 g.

I hope it helps you!

3 0

3 years ago

Sunflower oil contains 0.080 mol palmitic acid (C16H32O2)/mol, 0.060 mol stearic acid (C18H36O2)/mol, 0.27 mol oleic acid (C18H3

Cerrena [4.2K]

Answer:

$x_H=0.882$

$x_N=0.118$

Explanation:

In this reactor, oleic and linoleic acid react with hydrogen to form stearic acid. This reactions can be represented by:

Oleic: $C_{18}H_{34}O_2 (l) + H_2 (g) \longrightarrow C_{18}H_{36}O_2 (l)$

Linoleic: $C_{18}H_{32}O_2 (l) + 2 H_2 (g) \longrightarrow C_{18}H_{36}O_2 (l)$

Having this reactions in mind, the first thing is to determine the moles of hydrogen required:

Base of caculation: 1 mol of sunflower oil

For oleic acid: $n_{Holeic}=\frac{1 mol H_2}{1 mol oleic}*\frac{0.27 mol oleic}{1 mol oil}*\frac{335 mol oil}{hr}$

$n_{Holeic}=frac{90.45 mol H_2}{hr}$

For linoleic acid: $n_{Hlinoleic}=\frac{2 mol H_2}{1 mol linoleic}*\frac{0.59 mol linoleic}{1 mol oil}*\frac{335 mol oil}{hr}$

$n_{Holeic}=frac{395.3 mol H_2}{hr}$

$n_{Htotal}=\frac{90.45 mol H_2}{hr}+\frac{395.3 mol H_2}{hr}$

$n_{Htotal}=frac{485.75 mol H_2}{hr}$

Applying the excess:

$n_{Htotal}=frac{485.75 mol H_2}{hr}*1.65=801.48 mol$

Nitrogen: $n_N= 801.48 mol*\frac{0.05 mol N}{0.95 mol}$

$n_N= 42.2 mol N$

After the reactions:

$n_H=801.48 mol-485.75mol=315.73 mol$

and the nitrogen is inert.

Purge stream:

$n_total=42.2+315.73 mol=357.93 mol$

$x_H=\frac{315.73mol}{357.93mol}=0.882$

$x_N=\frac{42.2mol}{357.93mol}=0.118$

4 0

3 years ago

Calculate the number of ions of the following compound :16g of H2CO3

ludmilkaskok [199]

Answer:

1) a) 1.81 × 10²³ molecules (b) 1.93 × 10²³ molecules (c) 0.66× 10²³ molecules

2) a) 0.45× 10²³ions (b) 0.84× 10²³ions (c) 3.6 × 10²³ions

Explanation:

1) Number of molecules:

The given problem will solve by using Avogadro number.

It is the number of atoms , ions and molecules in one gram atom of element, one gram molecules of compound and one gram ions of a substance.

The number 6.022 × 10²³ is called Avogadro number.

a) 16g of H₂CO₃

Number of moles = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles = 16 g/ 62.03 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.3 mol

1 mol = 6.022 × 10²³ molecules

0.3 mol × 6.022 × 10²³ molecules /1 mol

1.81 × 10²³ molecules

b) 20g of HNO₃

Number of moles = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles = 20 g/ 63.01 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.32 mol

1 mol = 6.022 × 10²³ molecules

0.32 mol × 6.022 × 10²³ molecules /1 mol

1.93 × 10²³ molecules

c) 30g of C₆H₁₂O₆

Number of moles = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles = 20 g/ 180.156 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.11 mol

1 mol = 6.022 × 10²³ molecules

0.11 mol × 6.022 × 10²³ molecules /1 mol

0.66× 10²³ molecules

2. Calculate the number of ions in the following compounds:

a) 10g of AlCl₃

Number of moles = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles = 10g/ 133.34 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.075 mol

1 mol = 6.022 × 10²³ ions

0.075 mol × 6.022 × 10²³ ions/1 mol

0.45× 10²³ions

b) 30g of BaCl₂

Number of moles = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles = 30g/ 208.23 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.14 mol

1 mol = 6.022 × 10²³ ions

0.14 mol × 6.022 × 10²³ ions/1 mol

0.84× 10²³ions

c) 58 g of H2SO4

Number of moles = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles = 58g/ 98.079 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.59 mol

1 mol = 6.022 × 10²³ ions

0.59 mol × 6.022 × 10²³ ions/1 mol

3.6 × 10²³ions

Explanation:

5 0

2 years ago

Hydrogen sulfide is composed of two elements: hydrogen and sulfur. in an experiment, 6.500 g of hydrogen sulfide is fully decomp

LiRa [457]

Hydrogen sulfide = hidrogen + sulfur

6.500 g

a) 0.384 g + x

=> 6.500 = 0.384 + x => x = 6.500 - 0.384 = 6.116 g

Answer: 6.116 g of sulfur must be obtained

b) this experiment demonstrate the conservation of mass.

c) Dalton's atomic model states that the atoms cannot be created, split or be destroyed, and so in a chemical reaction the atoms rearrange but the number of each type of atoms remain constant, so the mass of each type of atoms and the total mass remain constant.

8 0

4 years ago

Hydrogen gas is used for many purposes, including the hydrogenation of vegetable oils to make margarine. The most common industr

Juliette [100K]

Answer:

a) CH4 (g) (1 mole) + H2O (g) (1 mole) = CO (g) + 3H2 (g) (3 moles).

b) 3/1 or 3 will be the conversion factor used to convert moles of methane and the moles of hydrogen.

c) Based on the given mole-mole relation,

The number of moles of hydrogen produced by 1 mole of CH4 or methane is 3 moles. Therefore, the number of moles of hydrogen produced from 7 moles of CH4 would be,

3/1 * 7 = 21 moles.

d) The formation of 3 moles of hydrogen is taking place from 1 mole of water vapor or H2O. Therefore, the number of moles of water vapor required to produced 100.50 moles of hydrogen would be,

1/3 * 100.50 moles = 33.5 moles.

8 0

3 years ago