Answer:
C
Explanation:
Abundant evidence supports the major contentions of the seafloor-spreading theory. First, samples of the deep ocean floor show that basaltic oceanic crust and overlying sediment become progressively younger as the mid-ocean ridge is approached, and the sediment cover is thinner near the ridge.
When a non-native or a foreign plant or animal is introduced in a new area, it affects the survival of the native animals that dwell there. The non-native plant or animal will compete with the native species for nutrients, water, space, food and shelter. Since the non-native animals will lack natural predators in the new habitat, they'll thrive in number. This uncontrolled competition of the non-native species with the native species will eventually leading to the death of the native species.
Answer:
Clues that can be used to determine whether the movement of solutes through the membrane is passive or active could be the molecule size, membrane potential, and the presence/absence of membrane protein.
Explanation:
Solutes transport through the cellular membrane depends on the solute size, membrane potential, and the presence/absence of integral membrane protein.
There are two types of transport: Active and passive.
- Passive transport: It does <u>not need energy</u>; it is driven by a chemical potential gradient. <u>Small molecules</u> with no charge are transported through the membrane in a gradient favor, from a high concentration region to a low concentration region. There are two types of passive transport: <em>By simple diffusion</em> (small molecules pass through the membrane by themselves) and by <em>facilitated diffusion</em> (molecules are helped by integral membrane proteins to pass through the membrane). In facilitated diffusion, the helping protein can be a <u>channel protein</u> (hydrophilic pores that allow the molecule to pass with no interaction) or a <u>carrier protein</u> (proteins with mobile parts that suffer modification as the molecule pass to the other side).
- Active transport: It <u>does need ATP energy</u> to pass the molecule through the membrane, as they have to <u>move against the electrochemical gradient</u>. This kind of transport is always mediated by a <u>carrier protein</u>. These proteins join with the molecules and suffer changes as they pass the solute to the other side of the membrane. An important example of this kind of transport is the sodium-potassium bomb.
There are several costs associated with using wind turbines to generate electricity.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Using wind turbines to generate electricity comes with the cost of installation of the turbines. A suitable site for installation has to be selected and windmills of the required height are installed. Cost of maintenance is another cost associated with the usage of wind turbines.
The windmills are subjected to several environmental factors like rainfall, sunlight etc. These can cause damage to the windmills. Thus a regular maintenance of the turbines is essential.
Cost of procuring appropriate land for installation of wind turbines is another associated cost. Locations apt for harnessing wind energy are limited. Moreover the windmills have to be set up across a large area to produce energy in a decent scale.
