The process that saw Western Europe going from a unified Roman Empire to independent nation-states was:
- Roman empire weakens and barbarians take hold of Roman lands.
- Barbarians establish numerous Kingdoms and nation-states.
- Monarchs share power with nobles in the feudalistic system.
- Black death weakens the power of nobles and increases that of monarchs.
- Monarchs consolidate power and establish true nation-states.
<h3>How did Europe's nation-states form?</h3>
After the Roman empire broke up as a result of several factors including the incursions of barbarians, several kingdoms were formed.
These kingdoms expanded and contracted under the reign of kings who shared power with nobles. Eventually, the monarchs gained the upper hand and established independent nation-states.
Find out more on the fall of the Roman empire at brainly.com/question/1276486.
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Answer:
The right answer is:
D. They calmed anxiety stemming from the Great Depression.
Explanation:
The Fireside Chats refer to some 30 radio speeches given by president Franklin Delano Roosevelt from 1933 to 1944. He spoke about a variety of topics, from unemployment and hardships in the 1930s to the fight against fascism during WWII. Americans experienced comfort, renewed confidence and reassurance by listening to his chats.
Jackson Pollock, Lee Krasner, Willem de Kooning, and Mark Rothko are best-known as pioneers of Abstract Expressionism. But all four were also among thousands of artists and other creatives employed by the government through the Works Progress Administration (WPA) between the years of 1935 and 1943. That the arts would be funded significantly by the federal government—never mind that it would actively employ artists—may well raise an eyebrow today. But working under a subdivision of the WPA known as the Federal Art Project, these artists got to work to help the country recover from the Great Depression, as part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal.
Evidence of impoverishment and a portfolio showcasing one’s skills and commitment to the arts were all that was needed to qualify for the WPA initiative. This and the Federal Art Project’s non-discrimination clause meant that it attracted, and hired, not just white men but also artists of color and women who received little attention in the mainstream art world of the day. These artists created posters, murals, paintings, and sculptures to adorn public buildings.
