Before the animal is harmed they spray to keep the predator away
Answer:
Please see below
Explanation:
The physiology of the brain is closely related to how we think and feel. The limbic system in the brain, for example, is the center of all our emotions. Understanding how this part of the brain functions will greatly help in understanding the psychology of the human being. There are certain hormones that have an affect on our moods and behavior so it is important to gain knowledge of physiology and genetics in order to grasp the science behind emotional responses, memory etc.
Answer:
Each FADH2 yields about 1.5 ATP via oxidative phosphorylation.
Explanation:
Most of the ATP molecules are produced by oxidative phosphorylation, not by substrate-level phosphorylation. During glycolysis, 2 ATP molecules per glucose are produced by substrate-level phosphorylation. Similarly, Kreb's cycle also yields 2 ATP per glucose by substrate-level phosphorylation.
For each pair of electrons transferred to O2 from FADH2 via electron transport chain, 4 and 2 protons are pumped from matrix towards the intermembrane space by complex III and complex IV respectively. It generates the proton concentration gradient required to drive the synthesis of 1.5 ATP molecules. Since oxidation of FADH2 is coupled to the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP, the process is called oxidative phosphorylation.
Answer:
the centrioles are at opposite poles of the cell
the pairs of homologous chromosomes become arranged on a plane equidistant from the poles called the metaphase plate
spindle fibers from one pole of the cell attach to one chromosome of each pair and spindle fibers from the opposite poles attach to the homologous chromosomes
<span>Treatment can help but the condition can't be cured</span>
