Answer: Phosphorylation reactions involve the addition of a phosphate group to another molecule called ADP (adenosine diphosphate)
Explanation:
Phosphorylation can of two kinds:
I) Substrate-level Phosphorylation which occurs when ATP is produced from the phosphorylation of ADP coupled to the loss of hydrogen atoms from an organic substrate
II) Oxidative Phosphorylation occurs when ATP is produced from the phosphorylation of ADP by using proton pump fuelled by the electron transport system.
Note that the difference between both (I and II) is that the former occurs independent of the electron transport system, UNLIKE the latter.
Answer:
Deletion mutation usually takes place due to the errors in the process of DNA replication . DNA polymerase slips off on the template strand due to which that part of the DNA is not coded in the daughter strand.
It can skip from one nucleotide (point mutation) to an entire gene. Point deletion can result in frame-shift mutation if it takes place in the beginning or middle of the gene. However, if it takes place at the end of the gene then it may cause no harm.
For example, let us assume the original sequence of DNA as ATG-AGT-CGT-ATA-TAA. It will result in the formation of methionine, serine, arginine, isoleucine, and STOP codon.
Point deletion at the end of the gene results in ATG-AGC-GTA-TAT-AA sequence. Now it will code for methionine, serine, valine, and tyrosine as AA will not code for anything. Hence, the sequence of the protein remains the same.
Hence, if deletion mutation takes place at the last or stop codon of the gene then it will cause no harm or change in the protein sequence. However, if it takes place before that then it may result in frame-shift mutation and thus a mutated protein.
Increasing the stimulation up to the maximal stimulus
Since we were given only one point, we have to test each exponential function for the point
Since exponential functions are of the form
, The correct option is between option A and option C.
For option A,
On substitution, we have;
.
Since the point satisfied the exponential function
, the exponential function goes through it.
Hence the correct answer is option A.
No need to test for option C again.
