The pluripotent, undifferentiated cells in the bone marrow that give rise to the formed elements are called stem cells.
Pluripotent stem cells have the ability to undergo self-renewal and to give rise to all cells of the tissues of the body. However, this definition has been recently complicated by the existence of distinct cellular states that display these features.
There are two types of pluripotent stem cells :
- Embryonic stem cells (ESCs)
- Induced pluripotent stem cells
Embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of pre-implantation embryos and can be indefinitely maintained and expanded in the pluripotent state in vitro. Pluripotent stem cells can also be obtained by inducing dedifferentiation of adult somatic cells through a recently developed in vitro technology, known as cell reprogramming.
Similarly to Embryonic stem cells , Induced pluripotent stem cells can be expanded indefinitely and they are capable to differentiate in all the derivatives of the three germ layers.
Another intriguing features of being pluripotent is its reliance on gene expression heterogeneity.
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Food web provides a better model of an ecosystem and model of many different consumers
Threatened means they are lowering in numbers and nearing to be endangered.
Endangered means they are dangerously close to being extinct
Extinct means there is none of them left in the wild.
I hope this is what you meant.
Dichotomous key is a tool <span> - a series of questions and choices </span>that allows the user to determine the identity of items in the natural world, such as trees, wildflowers, mammals, reptiles, rocks, and fish. The first step is observing the whole specimen you want to identify. Observing the habitat in which it is growing,its size and overall shape and some<span> distinguishing features. It is very important to make carefully these observations in order to use the key.</span>
