The phrase dune erosion by ocean water along a shoreline best describes a density-independent limiting factor that can affect ecosystem stability (Option B).
<h3>What is a density-independent limiting factor?</h3>
A density-independent limiting factor can be defined as any factor in a given ecosystem that may alter the homeostasis of the population that lives in a given geographic area.
These factors (density-independent limiting factors) are generally abiotic factors such as hurricanes, extreme temperature conditions, the presence of contaminants in the air that hamper life in a given area, etc.
Conversely, density-dependent limiting factors are biotic factors such as competitive species that alter the development of another population.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that a density-independent limiting factor is any abiotic condition that may alter the life of a population in a give geographic area and thus alter the homeostasis of the whole ecosystem.
Learn more about density-independent limiting factors here:
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DNA replication
DNA replication is the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself during cell division. The first step in DNA replication is to 'unzip' the double helix structure of the DNA? molecule. ... The two separated strands will act as templates for making the new strands of DNA
Answer: A Physical Barrier. ...
Selective Permeability. ...
Endocytosis and Exocytosis. ...
Cell Signaling. ...
Phospholipids. ...
Proteins. ...
Carbohydrates. ...
Fluid Mosaic Model.
Explanation: Have a good rest of the day.
#1 the relationship between universes and galaxies is that galaxies are made up of universe. and the relationship between stars and solar systems is every solar system contains at least one star.
#2. galaxies form after several planets form rather close to each other.
#3. the last one I don't know
