Answer:
A. Focal concerns theory
Explanation:
Focal concern theory is a theory that is used to explain why people in lower class society is placed in the situation.
Standards of blameworthiness is a common term in this theory. This standard represents the things that often being blamed for the situation that forced people to be in lower status.
Such as They are not smart enough, they have bad luck and nothing they can do about it, they are not though enough, etc.
They remained focus on farming and trading
It protected Egypt from foreign invasions: the desert was practically impenetrable, which means that any possible invasion could only come from a place they could expect (and prepare for): the along the Nile or from the sea.
Knowing that they don't have to fear foreign invasions meant that Egyptians could focus on growth and culture.
The correct answer is d. To be the balancing force between person wants and societal.