The bulk of railroad employees were African Americans, Chinese, and Irish immigrants.
The railroad was the most significant business in which African Americans worked after the Civil War since many Southern companies would rent, buy, or possess slaves. The railroad building project known as the Union Pacific Rail Road, which extended from the Missouri River to the Pacific, mostly used Irish immigrants as laborers. On the other side, the Central Pacific Railroad used Chinese workers, who made up about 80% of the workforce by the year 1868.
More than 40 million immigrants entered the country between 1800 and 1950, demonstrating the wide range of labor available. Chinese and Irish immigrants, as well as certain veterans of the Union and Confederate armies, built the majority of the first railways that were constructed in the US. To name a few of the occupations required during the construction of the railway, blacksmiths, carpenters, engineers, masons, surveyors, truck drivers, telegraphists, and even chefs were required.
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It was characterized by the build out of railroads, large-scale iron and steel production, widespread use of machinery in manufacturing, greatly increased use of steam power, use of petroleum and the beginning of electrification. However, during the second industrial revolution access to raw materials has decreased.
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He portrays them as naïve, innocent children. It apparently took them a while to figure out that the Spanish were not on a “Mission from Heaven.” The Indians are essentially defenseless against the Spanish, and when they do take up arms, their weapons resemble those of boys.
The British had tons of internal and domestic problems to face their own, so basically from the beginning (early 1600's) they entered into a period of salutary neglect (where they didn't enforce their own laws)
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The idea is known as the Republican form. The idea is that people democratically elect those who would represent them in a government, and those people would be held accountable for what they've done if they do something opposite to the will of the people. It's the only way that a democracy can work properly because others would be impossible with that many people.
