The answer is NO. This is because different environments require different adaptations. A desirable trait in one environment may be inconsequential or detrimental in another environment. This is the reason also why evolution is continuous as natural selection acts on traits of a population to ensure desirable traits are retained with changes in the environment in a dynamic world.
(C) the cell cycle is important and cell division divides the cell.
Activators and repressors are transcription-control elements that are found in eukaryotic organisms. These elements function during the process of transcription, where a DNA molecule is coded onto a RNA molecule for it to be sent to ribosomes outside of the nucleus and then polypeptide chains are produced from it.
The activators and repressors control which proteins are made, which means that they can either hinder or promote certain functions in the cells of the body. Therefore, even though all of the cells have the same set of DNA, some are able to produce HCl, while others produce other substances such as insulin.
(1), (2), (4) either require two parents (which would not produce identical offspring to either parents but similar and different to either one in number respects) or there could be mutations / different alleles chosen for the cell division, so I think the answer would be (3) cloning.
