Answer:
A. donation of excited electrons by chlorophyll a to a primary electron acceptor
Explanation:
Photosystems are structures located at the thylakoid membrane that act to harvest energy light in order to convert it into chemical energy. Each photosystem is composed of a light-harvesting complex and a core complex, which in turn is composed of a reaction center. The photosynthetic reaction centers are multi-protein complexes that use light energy to catalyze the electron transfer across the chloroplast thylakoid membrane against a thermodynamic gradient. Moreover, antenna pigments are pigments that capture the energy from photons in order to transfer energy to other pigments in the photosystem (e.g., chlorophyll B and carotenes are antenna pigments, whereas chlorophyll A is the core pigment). Light energy absorbed by antenna pigments in the photosystems is transferred to the reaction center chlorophyll A molecules, thereby exiting electrons in the reaction center. A reaction center consists of two chlorophyll A molecules, which donate electrons to the primary electron acceptor.
A) gravitropism is how they "know"
The central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system
Answer:
The answer is D
Explanation:
Fiber cells; cylinder-shaped
Answer:2 the lupine dependent butterflies would disappear.
If the spraying of pesticides will remove all the insects then there will be no insect that will pollinate the lupine flowers. So this will cause removal of lupine species from the environment. And the lupine dependent butterflies will not be able to release their egg on these specific flower and will also disappear from the environment.
The removal of lupine flower from the environment will lead disappearing of these lupine dependent butterflies.
