What is the different between men and women

assume that life on Mars requires cell potential to be 100mV, and the extracellular concentrations of the three major species ar

svetlana [45]

Answer:

Explanation:

From the information given:

The cell potential on mars E = + 100 mV

By using Goldman's equation:

$E_m = \dfrac{RT}{zF}In \Big (\dfrac{P_K[K^+]_{out}+P_{Na}[Na^+]_{out}+P_{Cl}[Cl^-]_{out} }{P_K[K^+]_{in}+P_{Na}[Na^+]_{in}+ P_{Cl}[Cl^-]_{in}} \Big )$

Let's take a look at the impermeable cell with respect to two species;

and the two species be Na⁺ and Cl⁻

$E_m = \dfrac{RT}{zF} In \dfrac{[K^+]_{out}}{[K^+]_{in}}$

where;

z = ionic charge on the species = + 1

F = faraday constant

∴

$100 \times 10^{-3} = \Big (\dfrac{8.314 \times 298}{1\times 96485} \Big) \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$100 \times 10^{-3} = 0.0257 \Big ( \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$3.981= \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$exp ( 3.981) = \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \\ \\ 53.57 = \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}}$

$[K^+]_{in} = \dfrac{4}{53.57}$

$[K^+]_{in} = 0.0476$

For [Cl⁻]:

$100 \times 10^{-3} = -0.0257 \ \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{120}{[Cl^-]_{in}} \Big)$

$-3.981 = \ \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{120}{[Cl^-]_{in}} \Big)$

$0.01867 = \dfrac{120}{[Cl^-]_{in}}$

$[Cl^-]_{in} = \dfrac{120}{0.01867}$

$[Cl^-]_{in} =6427.4$

For [Na⁺]:

$100 \times 10^{-3} = 0.0257 \Big ( \dfrac{145}{[Na^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$53.57= \Big ( \dfrac{145}{[Na^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$[Na^+]_{in}= 2.70$

6 0

3 years ago

wind energy gaining support as a possible energy source for people. what is the source of the energy that generated wind?

Ivahew [28]

<u>Answer</u>: The energy source that generates wind is actually the sun.

<u>Explanation</u>: The uneven heating of the Earth's surface by the sun gives rise to differences in atmospheric pressure. Areas such as deserts will warm the air masses above much more. As air is heated, it has a lower density as it expands and thus will form a point of low atmospheric pressure. The opposite situation applies for high pressure areas.The air movement from areas of high pressure to areas of lower pressure is what we call wind.

3 0

3 years ago

BRAINLIEST!! According to embryology, why do fish and birds have a common ancestor?

Blizzard [7]

Answer:

Both fish and bird embryos exhibit gill slits and a tail.

Explanation:

According to embryology, all vertebrates exhibit similar traits and structures at their embryonic stage. It becomes very difficult to differentiate between the embryos of a fish, and that of a bird, or embryo of a fish, and a human. These traits, however, disappear, as the case may be, as the embryo develops into an adult. For example, in the case of the embryo of a fish, and a bird, both shows gills slits at their respective embryonic stage. However, the gill slits in fish develop into gills, whereas in the case of birds, it disappears as the embryo develops into an adult.

5 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Copying genetic information from dna into rna is called __________; using the information contained in mrna to make a polypeptid

Ket [755]

Genetic information from DNA to RNA is called transcription which involves the enzyme RNA polymerase. The DNA is read from 3' to 5' in direction and produces an mRNA (messenger RNA) which contains the genetic data from the DNA. This mRNA strand is further processed in the nucleus (capping and adding a poly-A tail) before being transported to the cytoplasm.

The information contained in mRNA is used to make a polypeptide chain is called translation. This involves the use of ribosomes in the cytoplasm which attach themselves to the mRNA strand then using tRNA (transfer RNA) to add amino acids to the elongating polypeptide depending on the codon in the mRNA.

8 0

3 years ago

anne was just diagnosed with cystic fibrosis, a disease that is carried in an autosomal recessive pattern. neither of anne's par

Gnom [1K]

A parent with one non-functional copy of the gene is a carrier. Carriers for Cystic fibrosis will have no symptoms but they can pass the non-functioning gene on to their children.

<h3>What is cystic fibrosis?</h3>

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease and individual must inherit two non-functioning CF genes that is one from each parent to have CF. Both parents must have at least one copy of the defective gene and people who have only one copy of the defective CF gene are called carriers but they do not have the disease. Many couples who have a child with CF have no family history of cystic fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis affects cells that produce mucus, sweat, and digestive juices and also it causes these fluids to become thick and sticky. They block tubes, ducts, and passageways.

Symptoms include cough, repeated lung infections, inability to gain weight, and fatty stools. Treatments for this disease may ease symptoms and reduce complications.

To know more about cystic fibrosis, refer

brainly.com/question/25129734

#SPJ4

3 0

1 year ago