It is because convergent evolution represents the independent evolution of similar features in species that don't have the same ancestor. In this case filamentous body forms evolved independently, but have the same function: an adaptation for a nutrition of decomposers.
Competition shapes communities because it is something that people must learn to help eachother out with
Answer: All the statements of the question are correct.
Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive disorder that is characterized by formation of defective hemoglobin protein, which results in sickle shaped RBC ( red blood cell).
This disease is caused by mutation in the gene that is responsible for the protein hemoglobin ( which transport oxygen throughout body).
It is inherited by the offspring when both the mutated copy of genes ( one from each parent) are passed to him.
Carriers of the disease exhibit increased resistance to malarial parasites by controlling the level of free haem in the blood ( through enzyme heme oxygenase that produces a toxic carbon monoxide gas). The resistance thus developed, is a mutation.
Therefore, all the statements in the given question are correct.
secondary statement makes a seem correct
