Many soil-dwelling bacteria produce molecules that can be naturally synthesized and kill other species of bacteria. What are these bacteria-killing molecules called antibiotics
Antibiotics are effective pills which can be usually safe. Although they are very helpful in fighting disease, antibiotics can actually be harmful. Important Facts About Antibiotic Safety: Antibiotics can cause side effects such as allergic reactions and severe and potentially life-threatening diarrhea caused by the bacterium Clostridium difficile (C. diff).
Antibiotics can also interfere with other medications you may be taking. Antibiotic side effects account for nearly one-fifth of emergency room visits. These conditions are the most common reasons for emergency room visits for children under the age of 18. Taking antibiotics you don't need unnecessarily exposes you to the drug's side effects and denies you the benefits.
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About this much of the energy released from food molecules during catabolism is released as heat: adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
The Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the source of the energy for the use and the storage at the cellular level. The structure of the ATP is a nucleoside triphosphate, consisting of the nitrogenous base (adenine), and ribose sugar, and the three serially bonded phosphate groups
ATP is synthesized in the mitochondria is the primary energy source for the important biological functions, such as the muscle contraction, the nerve impulse transmission, and the protein synthesis
In general, the main energy source for the cellular metabolism is the glucose, which is the catabolized in the three subsequent processes—the glycolysis, tricarboxylic and acid cycle (TCA or Krebs
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Oparin and Haldane's theory and Miller's experiment are the proof that long complex molecules that carry information such as DNA, might have formed on early earth.
Explanation:
Oparin and Haldane Hypothesis states that life on Early earth could have evolved by chemical evolution.
Oparin and Haldane said that the reducing atmosphere of the early earth caused simple inorganic molecules to react by using sunlight and formed molecules like amino acids and nucleotides.
These monomers combined to form polymers, they would have attained self-replicating tendency eventually these would have assembled into structures and these macromolecules had also made membrane-bound organelle.
Although this hypothesis is not fully accepted but part of it which talks about formation of molecules is accepted.
Millers and Urey in their experiment created an artificial reducing environment like that of early earth. They used a heated pool of water, atmospheric gases like H2O,CH4,N2, NH4 and sparks of electricity. After running the experiment for some days they found that amino acids, sugars, lipids and other organic molecules had formed.
Their hypothesis is not fully accepted but part of is evident that organic building block is formed from inorganic constituent on the earth.
Answer:
4) Vacuole as it loses all the water
Explanation: