Answer:
The answer is: letter D, using reason and observation to solve a problem.
Explanation:
Renee Descartes was a French philosopher who founded the modern philosophy while Francis Bacon was an English philosopher who developed the scientific method. According to both of them, a critical step in reaching a sound scientific conclusion is by using reason and observation in order to solve it.
Observation and perceptual experiences co-existed in order to predict the outcome. In order to solve a problem,<u> the necessity to reason out is important. </u>The solution needs to have a reason in order to aid the readers how the researcher came up with it.
For example, Renee Descartes employed the cause-and-effect method when it comes to problem solving. He emphasized that reason was <u>the main source of the researcher's knowledge.</u>
Thus, this explains the answer.
Answer:
Federalism is the system where sovereignty is constitutionally divided between a central governing authority and constituent units.
Explanation:
Federalism is the system of government in which sovereignty is constitutionally divided between a central governing authority and constituent political units. It is based upon democratic rules and institutions in which the power to govern is shared between national and state governments, creating a federation. Dual federalism is a political arrangement in which power is divided between national and state governments in clearly defined terms, with state governments exercising those powers accorded to them without interference from the national government. Dual federalism is defined in contrast to cooperative federalism, in which national and state governments collaborate on policy. Dual and cooperative federalism are also known as ‘layer-cake’ and ‘marble cake’ federalism, respectively, due to the distinct layers of layer cake and the more muddled appearance of marble cake.
Federalism was the most influential political movement arising out of discontent with the Articles of Confederation, which focused on limiting the authority of the federal government. The movement was greatly strengthened by the reaction to Shays’ Rebellion of 1786-1787, which was an armed uprising of farmers in western Massachusetts. The rebellion was fueled by a poor economy that was created, in part, by the inability of the federal government to deal effectively with the debt from the American Revolution. Moreover, the federal government had proven incapable of raising an army to quell the rebellion, so Massachusetts was forced to raise its own.
The most forceful defense of the new Constitution was The Federalist Papers , a compilation of 85 anonymous essays published in New York City to convince the people of the state to vote for ratification. These articles, written by Alexander Hamilton and James Madison, examined the benefits of the new Constitution and analyzed the political theory and function behind the various articles of the Constitution. Those opposed to the new Constitution became known as the Anti-Federalists. They were generally local, rather than cosmopolitan, in perspective, oriented toward plantations and farms rather than commerce or finance, and wanted strong state governments with a weaker national government. The Anti-Federalists believed that the legislative branch had too much unchecked power, that the executive branch had too much power, and that there was no check on the chief executive. They also believed that a Bill of Rights should be coupled with the Constitution to prevent a dictator from exploiting citizens. The Federalists argued that it was impossible to list all the rights and that those not listed could be easily overlooked because they were not in the official bill of rights.
Members of a group can choose what is good or terrible for themselves under a direct democracy system. Citizens have the power to decide on policy initiatives without the representation of legislators, and they have the power.
Every every legislation, bill, or matter of justice is put to a vote by the entire populace in a direct democracy.
Every eligible voter in ancient Athens was forced to cast a ballot on every topic, making the city a model of direct democracy.
Hence, most laws should be passed through popular initiatives or ballot referendums. In the form of governance based on direct democracy.
<h3 /><h3>Describe indirect democracy using an example.</h3>
- Representative democracy is another name for indirect democracy. It is the political system where representatives act in the parliament on behalf of the people and communicate their concerns.
- America, India, Canada, and the United Kingdom are the four nations with indirect democracy.
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Answer:
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