<span>By refusing to give up her seat to a white man on a Montgomery, Alabama, city bus in 1955, black seamstress Rosa Parks (1913—2005) helped initiate the civil rights movement in the United States. The leaders of the local black community organized a bus boycott that began the day Parks was convicted of violating the segregation laws. Led by a young Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., the boycott lasted more than a year—during which Parks not coincidentally lost her job—and ended only when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that bus segregation was unconstitutional. Over the next half-century, Parks became a nationally recognized symbol of dignity and strength in the struggle to end entrenched racial segregation.</span>
Answer: A recession is a period of economic contraction, where businesses see less demand and begin to lose money. To cut costs and stem losses, companies begin laying off workers, generating higher levels of unemployment.
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The Northern region of America grew through becoming a region that engaged in manufacturing and selling the manufactured products. By 1860, the north produced 17 times more cotton and woolen textiles than the south, 30 times more leather goods, 20 times more pig iron, and 32 times more firearms. The North produced 3, 200 firearms to every 100 produced in the south. Northern agriculture also became more mechanized and so northern farmers began producing more agricultural products than the south who depended on slaves to do the work on the farm lands.