Answer:
If bird song promotes an individual's ability to attract a mate and reproduce, then the song has an <u> function</u>
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Explanation:
Within a community, certain novel traits are fixed because they impart beneficial adaptations on an individual in their ecosystem (like mate attraction). Such modifications enable such individuals to live longer than their peers, and breed over time to produce more offspring who also exhibit these traits.
Natural selection takes place and is determined by the fitness of an individual
, it contributes to evolutionary change as individuals with certain traits reproduce, the traits become fixed and prevalent within the population.
Natural selection is basically when organisms with the best traits survive and pass on their good traits to their offspring so that they will adapt easily and survive. Organisms who do not have ‘good traits’ that help them adapt and escape predators will be killed or eaten before they reproduce.
So in the end, natural selection is a form of evolution that allows the ‘fittest’ animals to survive and reproduce, while weeding out the unfit.
Answer:
No, there are multiple ways in which different mutations in the same gene can cause the same phenotype
Explanation:
Several different mechanisms of mutation can lead to the same phenotype. For example, lets say our phenotype is that flies have white eyes, and we know that this occurs in one particular gene that normally makes the eye colour red. (the red gene)
These mutations likely rendered the red gene ineffective (as the eyes are not red). However, this could happen in a variety of ways.
- There could be a single base deletion in the first exon of the mRNA, changing the reading frame of the protein and messing up the entire sequence (a frame shift mutations)
- The entire gene could be deleted
- A single base could be substituted in an important site of the gene, for example, one which translates into a catalytic residue or binding site in the protein
- There could be an inversion at the promoter region of the gene, such that a transcription factor can no longer bind to transcribe the gene.
There are countless other ways in which a mutation could have been caused. Therefore, just because we know the same gene is affected does not mean that we can assume the mutations are identical.
I think there is a 50% chance of the coin landing on either side because the labelling of the coin will not affect the balance of the coin, and therefore won’t alter the flip. Labelling the coin ‘b’ and B’ will result in a coin flip no different from if the coin remained unlabelled.
Answer: A) Proteins and nucleic acids
Explanation:
