Answer:
a) The two distributions have the same median (6) but the 2nd distribution has a larger IQR (9.5 > 4).
b) The two distributions have a different median with distribution 2 having a bigger median (8 > 3), but they both have the same IQR (3).
c) The 2nd distribution has a slightly bigger median (7 > 6) and a slightly bigger IQR (4.5 > 4) than the 1st distribution.
d) The 2nd distribution consists of variables that are way bigger than those of the 1st distribution, hence, the median and IQR of the 2nd distribution are about ten folds of that of the 1st distribution.
Step-by-step explanation:
For any distribution,
The median is the variable at the middle when all the variables in the dsitribution are arranged in ascending or descending order.
The median is the (n+1)/2 th variabke.
where n = size of the distribution or number of variables. For these questions, the sample size is 5, hence, the median will always be the 3rd variable when the variables are arranged in ascending or descending order.
The IQR, known as the inter quartile range is a measure of dispersion for the distribution. Although, it isn't as effective as other measures of dispersion such as the standard deviation because the IQR unlike the the standard deviation isn't responsive to changes in the variables, especially ones at the end of the distribution.
The IQR is simply given mathematically as the third quartile minus the first quartile.
IQR = (Third quartile) - (First quartile)
Third quartile is the 3(n+1)/4 th variable. For a sample of n=5, the third quartile is the 4.5th variable, that is the average of the 4th and 5th variable.
First quartile is the (n+1)/4 th variable. For a sample of n=5, the first quartile is the 1.5th variable, that is the average of the 1st and 2nd variable.
Taking the questions one at a time
a) (1) 3,5,6,7,9
Median = 3rd variable = 6
Third quartile = (7+9)/2 = 8
First quartile = (3+5)/2 = 4
IQR = 8 - 4 = 4
(2) 3,5,6,7,20
Median = 3rd variable = 6
Third quartile = (7+20)/2 = 13.5
First quartile = (3+5)/2 = 4
IQR = 13.5 - 4 = 9.5
The two distributions have the same median (6) but the 2nd distribution has a larger IQR (9.5 > 4).
b) (1) 1,2,3,4,5
Median = 3rd variable = 3
Third quartile = (4+5)/2 = 4.5
First quartile = (1+2)/2 = 1.5
IQR = 4.5 - 1.5 = 3
(2) 6,7,8,9,10
Median = 3rd variable = 8
Third quartile = (9+10)/2 = 9.5
First quartile = (6+7)/2 = 6.5
IQR = 9.5 - 6.5 = 3
The two distributions have a different median with distribution 2 having a bigger median (8 > 3), but they both have the same IQR (3).
c) (1) 3,5,6,7,9
Median = 3rd variable = 6
Third quartile = (7+9)/2 = 8
First quartile = (3+5)/2 = 4
IQR = 8 - 4 = 4
(2) 3,5,7,8,9
Median = 3rd variable = 7
Third quartile = (8+9)/2 = 8.5
First quartile = (3+5)/2 = 4
IQR = 8.5 - 4 = 4.5
The 2nd distribution has a slightly bigger median (7 > 6) and a slightly bigger IQR (4.5 > 4) than the 1st distribution.
d) (1) 0,10,50,60,100
Median = 3rd variable = 50
Third quartile = (60+100)/2 = 80
First quartile = (0+10)/2 = 5
IQR = 80 - 5 = 75
(2) 0,100,500,600,1000
Median = 3rd variable = 500
Third quartile = (600+1000)/2 =800
First quartile = (0+100)/2 = 50
IQR = 800 - 50 = 750
The 2nd distribution consists of variables that are way bigger than those of the 1st distribution, hence, the median and IQR of the 2nd distribution are about ten folds of that of the 1st distribution.
Hope this Helps!!!