Pulmonary surfactant is a mixture of lipids and proteins which is secreted into the alveolar space by epithelial type II cells. The main function of the surfactant is to lower the surface tension at the ir/liquid interface within the alveoli of the lung. In babies born prematurely, pulmonary surfactant may not be present in adequate amounts due to insufficient exocytosis in type II alveolar cells.
The hydrosphere is all water on earth, the lithosphere is the crust and upper mantle, the biosphere is all life on earth, and the atmosphere is all the gases surrounding the earth.
Nucleus - regulates all cell activity, and also holds the DNA
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum - lipid and carbohydrate synthesis.
Rough er - produces and modifies proteins
Located next to the nucleus
Golgi apparatus - <span>modify, sort, and package macromolecules for cell secretion </span>
Ribosome - <span> assembles the twenty specific amino acid molecules to form the particular protein molecule</span>
Mitochondria - converts energy into compounds that are easier for the cell to use
Chloroplast -<span> captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into food that contains chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis</span>
Lysosomes - breaks down, recycles macromolecules (lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins)
Perioxisome - where hydrogen peroxide and other harmful molecules are broken down by enzymes
Plasma membrane - controls the kinds and amounts of substances moving into and out of the cell; helps maintain cytoplasmic volume and composition
Cytoskeleton - structurally supports, impacts shape and moves cell and its componants
Centrioles - two perpendicular cylinders that form mitotic spindle fibers and microtubules for cilia and flagella, helps organize cell division
Cytoplasm - holds all organelles in place
Vacuole - stores water, salts, protein, and carbohydrates
Vesicles - <span>contains substances that recently entered the cell. Stores and transports newly synthesized molecules.</span>
Cell wall - supports and protects the cell, rigid barrier
A HEV has an engine that uses electric power as well as gasoline to move. When using the electric motor, there are no CO2 emission from the car. So the overall emission should be lower on a HEV than on a purely gasoline car, since you can choose to only use electric power.
