<u>Answer</u>: D. family planning seminars with access to contraception
<em>The slogan small family, happy family has encouraged Indian population programs such as family planning seminars with access to contraception.</em>
<u>Explanation:</u>
<em>India is one of the densest populated countries in recent studies. </em>The big and joint family tradition is very common in India that has been encouraging in increasing the population.
So, the slogan ‘small family, happy family’ is one of the most promising slogans to encourage people to have the family planning and plan for a small and happy family.
<em>The access to contraceptive was not common in past but at current situation people have been aware about the family panning measures.</em>
I think this is C hoped this helped
The correct answer that would best complete the given statement above is the word VALENCE. Here is the complete statement. According to expectancy theory, your valence is low <span>if you don't think a bonus or raise is going to be big enough to justify working evenings and weekends. </span>