Answer:
Which party to the exchange must pay boot to make the exchange work?
- Rufus must pay boot since the FMV of its property is less than the FMV of Hardy's property.
How much boot must be paid?
- $90,000 - $77,500 = $12,500
Assuming the boot payment is made, how much gain or loss will Rufus realize and recognize on the exchange, and what tax basis will Rufus take in the property acquired?
- Rufus doesn't have any gain, and the tax basis for the new asset will be $50,000 + $12,500 = $62,500
Assuming the boot payment is made, how much gain or loss will Hardy realize and recognize on the exchange and what tax basis will Hardy take in the property acquired?
- Since Hardy's property basis is $60,000 and it would be receiving $50,000 (Rufus's property) + $12,500 = $62,500, then it must recognize a $2,500 gain. The basis of Hardy's new property will be $62,500.
Answer:
The answer is Instrumental behavior. It is an action performed to reach a goal, such as to obtain a food item, achieve some other kind of reward, or remove a punishment; the behavior causes the desired outcome. Problem-solving is a subset of instrumental behavior, invoked when a direct action (such as reaching for an object) cannot achieve the goal and an indirect approach must be used (such as opening a container to get the object). To paraphrase Thorndike, a problem exists when the goal that is sought is not directly attainable by the performance of a simple act available in the animal's repertoire.
Explanation:
Answer:
Problem recognition
Explanation:
Problem recognition is the first stage of the purchasing process. It is at this stage that the decision-maker realises there needs to be a change from the status quo.
The next stage is information gathering. Involving researching information about the problem and sources of solution.
Next is evaluation of solutions.
Finally purchase is made.
