<u>Explanation:</u>
- can observe the contents of all the packets sent and even modify the content.
- can prevent packets sent by both parties from reaching each other.
From a network security standpoint, since we are told that Trudy <em>"</em><em>positions herself in the network so that she can capture all the packets sent", </em>it, therefore implies that the communication between Alice and Bob is vulnerable to modification and deletion.
With a pull-up resistor, the input pin will read a high state when the button is not pressed. In other words, a small amount of current is flowing between VCC and the input pin (not to ground), thus the input pin reads close to VCC. When the button is pressed, it connects the input pin directly to ground.
