<span>The answer would be: a) Frost-wedging happens when water freezes and breaks rocks.
Normally, the volume of a substance will become lower when the temperature drops but when water becomes ice it will expand. Water that freezes into ice can produce a high pressure from the expansion of their volume. If enough water fills a joint in a rock, the rock might get enough force to fractured or break. This will happens in the area that has a freeze-thaw cycle like in the polar climate.</span>
Answer:
mutualistic
Explanation:
The interaction between two organisms in which both the organism gets benefitted from each other is called a mutualistic relationship. This mutualistic relationship is seen in the concept of endosymbiosis.
According to the endosymbiotic theory chloroplast and mitochondria are evolved by engulfment of different bacteria by ancestral cells. Then these bacterial remained in a mutualistic relationship with each other and the ancestral cell evolved into a eukaryotic cell.
So as mitochondria and chloroplast live with a symbiotic relationship with eukaryotic cells, therefore, it is considered as mutualistic relationship.
A mixture of minerals that makes up the earths crust.
Answer:
The ultimate goal of the ETC is to produce the high-energy molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to catalyze biochemical reactions. The precursors of ATP, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) are readily imported into the mitochondrial matrix.
Explanation:
The correct answer is: D. Primary succession occurs in a habitat that has never been colonized by any species before.
Ecological succession can be defined as ae process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time. There are two types of succession:
• Primary succession- begins in new habitats, uninfluenced by pre-existing communities
• Secondary succession –formed after a disruption of a pre-existing community.
