Valence electrons in an atom of phosphorus in the ground state are found in 3rd shell.
Explanation:
Phosphorus has an atomic number of 15. Its electronic configuration is 2, 8, 5. This configuration implies that, phosphorus electrons are distributed in three different shells and the number of electrons in the outermost shell, which is the third shell, is 5. The ground state refers to a state, where the atoms of phosphorus are not excited. Electrons move away from their ground states when they are excited.
if the number of blue jays is increased then the number of caterpillars as well as number of mice will decrease as they mostly feed on caterpillars and mice.
