Answer: Option D.
Less; at the earliest possible stage.
Explanation:
Protein synthesis refers to the process in which living cells can produce proteins
This occur in two stages;
Transcription and translation.
Transcription refers to transfer of DNA genetic instructional to MRNA in the nucleus of cells.
Translation, after DNA has been transcribed to MRNA, it is then translated to DNA.
When cells intervene in protein synthesis, less energy is used and the cells will regulate the protein synthesis at the earliest possible stage.
Body rejects transplants because it recognizes them as foreignlymphocytes attack the new organtissue typing measures antigens on tissue donor organ for compatibilityimmunosuppressants disrupt the replication process of lymphocytes that produce antibodies and makes the immune system less effective
The pedigrees have not been provided. They have been attached.
Answer:
Pedigree 1 : Autosomal recessive
Pedigree 2 : Autosomal dominant
Pedigree 3 : Autosomal recessive
Explanation:
It has been given that the traits are autosomal i.e. they are not controlled by X and Y genes. We have to further find out if they are inherited in recessive pattern (autosomal recessive) or in dominant pattern (autosomal dominant).
Pedigree 1: Out of the three generations, the trait is only observed in one. This usually happens in recessive inheritance as two recessive alleles must be together to express the condition and this event has less chances of occurring. Also, it is visible how normal parents in first generation had a daughter with the recessive trait. This is possible if the parents were heterozygous for the trait or "carriers". They contributed one recessive allele each in the next generation due to which the daughter showed the recessive phenotype. Thus, this is most probably a recessive condition.
Pedigree 2: Out of the four generations, the trait is expressed in three. This usually happens in dominant inheritance as only one allele is needed to express the trait so both dominant homozygous and heterozygous individuals will show it. Thus, this is most probably a dominant condition.
Pedigree 3: This trait also skipped generations which is a feature of recessive traits. As with pedigree 1, the trait disappeared in pedigree and reappeared when two recessive alleles came together again. Thus, this is most probably a recessive condition.
Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen. You're welcome. ;)