<span>Cytotoxic t-cell subpopulations are specialized to combat intracellular pathogens, whereas helper t-cell subpopulations are specialized to combat extracellular pathogens.
</span>Cytotoxic t-cell are CD8+ cells. Cytotoxic t-cell uses granzymes to <span>kill </span><span>intracellular bacteria, that lives in the cytosol such as viruses. They identify the pathogen forgein peptids that are bounded to MHC-I on the cell surface.
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cd4+ T helper (Th) cells include Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells. They contribute to aliergic reactions and fighting extracellular parasites.
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2 and 4
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Those eat things to become secondary
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Bubbles are a sign that the yeast is alive, and that it is performing anaerobic respiration. You should notice that the mixtures with too little and too much sugar do not grow, bubble or foam properly. This is because the yeast needs the perfect amount in order to produce carbon dioxide.
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A population is the number of living people that live together in the same place. A city's population is the number of people living in that city. These people are called inhabitants or residents. ... Usually population refers to the number of humans in a certain area.
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Gregor Mendal is known as the father of genetics. Mendal while a monk, used math to discover the basics of heredity by crossing pea plants with different characteristics for the f1 generation but when he crossed the f1 generation with a different pea plant he realized the traits that were in the original crossing to get f1 generation didn't show up until the f2 generation.
