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algol13
3 years ago
8

How might targeting rapidly growing cells explain common chemotherapy side effects such as hair loss and nausea

Biology
2 answers:
LuckyWell [14K]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Cancer cells are the cells that divide rapidly than any other cells in the body. The drugs used in chemotherapy work on rapidly dividing cancer cells. Some cells of our body apart from cancer cells also divide rapidly along with the cancer cells such as the cells that line the stomach and the digestive tract. Chemotherapy drugs cannot differentiate the cancer cells and the normal cells so these drugs also attack the normal cells which divide rapidly along with the cancer cells. The drugs also attack the cells that are present in the roots of the hair. So, this results in the hair loss. Hair loss does not occur immediately after the chemotherapy treatment instead it starts after few treatments. The degree of the hair loss after chemotherapy depends on the drug type and process. So when the chemotherapy drugs are used it results in the hair loss and nausea.

Therefore, when chemotherapy drugs attack normal cells including the roots of the hair instead of cancer cells that divide rapidly along with the cancer cells it results in the hair loss and nausea.

Explanation:

IrinaVladis [17]3 years ago
3 0

Cancer cells are the cells that divide rapidly than any other cells in the body. The drugs used in chemotherapy work on rapidly dividing cancer cells. Some cells of our body apart from cancer cells also divide rapidly along with the cancer cells such as the cells that line the stomach and the digestive tract. Chemotherapy drugs cannot differentiate the cancer cells and the normal cells so these drugs also attack the normal cells which divide rapidly along with the cancer cells. The drugs also attack the cells that are present in the roots of the hair. So, this results in the hair loss. Hair loss does not occur immediately after the chemotherapy treatment instead it starts after few treatments. The degree of the hair loss after chemotherapy depends on the drug type and process. So when the chemotherapy drugs are used it results in the hair loss and nausea.

Therefore, when chemotherapy drugs attack normal cells including the roots of the hair instead of cancer cells that divide rapidly along with the cancer cells it results in the hair loss and nausea.

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The diploid number of chromosomes in the mustard plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, is 10. Knowing this, answer the following question
lukranit [14]

Answer:

10 chromosomes/sister chromatids

Explanation:

Prophase is the first stage of cell division (mitosis). Prior to the cell entering the actual division stage, it undergoes a phase where it prepares its content and most importantly undergo the duplication of its genetic material (DNA). This DNA are found as chromosomes. It undergoes replication of its DNA in the S-phase of interphase stage.

Since Arabidopsis thaliana has 10 chromosomes, and each chromosome holds one DNA molecule, 10 molecules of DNA will be present in the mustard plant's genome. These 10 molecules of DNA will be replicated on another copy of chromosome which is identical to the template. This chromosomes are called SISTER chromatids i.e. replicated chromosome. Each sister chromatids are held together at the centromere and are considered one individual chromosome until they separate during anaphase stage.

Hence, at the Prophase stage, before separation, each sister chromatid (replicated chromosome) is considered as one chromosome. Thus, in the mustard plant with 10 chromosomes, it will possess 10 sister chromatids or chromosomes at the Prophase stage.

N.B: When sister chromatids separate during anaphase stage, they will be regarded as individual chromosomes.

6 0
3 years ago
Where do the catabolic products of fatty acid breakdown enter into the citric acid cycle?
bezimeni [28]

Answer:

acetyl CoA

Explanation:

The break down of free fatty acid or fatty acid degradation is the process in which fatty acids are broken down into their basic metabolites. The process of degradation includes three steps:

1. Lipolysis of fat stores of and release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue

2. Process of activation and transport into mitochondria catalyzed by the enzyme fatty acyl-CoA synthetase.

3. β-oxidation-formation of final product - acetyl-CoA which is the entry molecule for the citric acid cycle.

6 0
4 years ago
The initial step in the formation of an aminoacyl-tRNA is Group of answer choices esterification of the tRNA activation of the t
asambeis [7]

Answer:

The initial step in the formation of an aminoacyl-tRNA is activation of the amino acid by reaction with ATP

Explanation:

In protein synthesis, the first step involves the formation of an aminoacyl-tRNA. This reaction is catalyzed by the the Mg²⁺-dependent enzymes known as aminoacyl t-RNA synthetases and occurs in two steps.

The first step of the reaction of the formation of an aminoacyl-tRNA is the  activation of the amino acid by the attachment of an AMP molecule formed from the hydrolysis of ATP to AMP and pyrophosphate. The aminoacyl adenylate intermediate is bound to the enzyme in this initial step. Subsequently, in the second step of the activation of the amino acid, the aminoacyl adenylate intermediate is then transferred to its specific tRNA. The pyrophosphate formed in the first step is hydrolyzed to 2 phosphate molecules by a pyrophosphatase.

The overall reaction step is illustrated below:

Amino acid + tRNA + ATP -----> aminoacyl-tRNA +AMP + 2Pi

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