Hexadecimal numbers are just a convenient representation of binary data. When entered as text, they consist of ASCII characters 0-9 and a-f. The numbers will then have to be converted to binary. This is accomplished by converting to uppercase, subtracting the ASCII offset (48 for 0-9 or 55 for A-F), so that the result is a number between 0 and 15 (inclusive). This can be stored in computer memory to represent 4 bits.
Hexadecimal numbers represent binary numbers in the following way:
hex | binary
0 = 0000
1 = 0001
2 = 0010
3 = 0011
4 = 0100
5 = 0101
6 = 0110
7 = 0111
8 = 1000
9 = 1001
a = 1010
b = 1011
c = 1100
d = 1101
e = 1110
f = 1111
As you can see, no other 4 bit combination exists.
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Answer:
a. (210^6)((210^7)/(2.510^8)) = 1.610^5 bits or 160,000 bits
b. 1.6*10^5 bits or 160,000 bits
c. Bandwidth delay product of link is maximum number of bits that can be in the link
d. Width of bit = Length of link / bandwidth-delay product so 1 bit is 125 meters long. Yes, this is longer than a football field.
e. Width of bit = s/R
Hope this helps :)
Answer:
The most straight forward way to do it: in general string are zero index based array of characters, so you need to get the length of the string, subtract one and that will be the last character, some expressions in concrete languages would be:
In Python:
name = "blair"
name[len(name) - 1]
In JavaScript:
name = "blair"
name[name.length - 1]
In C++:
#include <string>
string name = "blair";
name[name.length() - 1];
