Answer:
The Ionian Enlightenment was a set of advances in scientific thought, explanations on nature, and discovering the natural and rational causes behind observable phenomena, that took place in archaic Greece beginning in the 6th century BC.
Here, in the 6th century BC, Thales, Anaximander and Anaximenes developed their ideas about the Universe. This trio of early scientists were materialists: they believed that the Earth and everything else in the Universe was made from a material (rather than spiritual) substance.
Ionian school was a school of Greek philosophers of the 6th to 5th century bc that included Thales, Anaximander, Anaximenes, Heracleitus, Anaxagoras, Diogenes of Apollonia, Archelaus, and Hippon.
Anaximander, (born 610 bce, Miletus [now in Turkey]—died 546 bce), Greek philosopher who was the first to develop a cosmology, or systematic philosophical view of the world. He made a map of the known world, which was later corrected by his fellow Milesian, the author Hecataeus, a well-traveled man.
Anaximander has been called the father of astronomy, because he was the first thinker who developed a cosmology using mathematical proportions to map the heavens. Anaximander was born in Miletus and might have been a pupil of the philosopher Thales. Anaximander wrote on geography, astronomy, cosmology and biology.
