Answer:
When the required direction of transport is opposed to concentration levels, a cell <u>will </u> expend energy to force<u> ions</u> across its membrane.
Explanation:
If the concentration gradient is opposite to the direction of transport of minerals, then the cell will use energy to transport mineral ions from a lower concentration to a higher concentration. The most common process through which this happens is termed as the active transport.
The process of active transport is opposite to passive transport. In passive transport, molecules move from a higher concentration to a lower concentration.
Answer: Missense mutation
Explanation:
Missense mutation is a type of point mutation where a single nucleotide is changed to cause substitution of a different amino acid. This in turns render the resulting protein non-functional.
In the case of sickle-cell disease, the sixth amino acid in the gene sequence, glutamate (GAG) is substituted with valine (GUA), due to Adenine nucleotide changed to Uracil nucleotide. Thus, missense mutation has occurred
Cell wall is the protective layer that cover leaves
The answer is lower because having to return to a pre disturbance size will likely affect its genetic variation to be lower compared to the original population where in its genetic variation will be greater compared to those in pre disturbance size.
