Bacteria: Bacteria: Cell walls with peptidoglycan, includes autotrophs and heterotrophs, Prokaryotic cells
Archaea: Includes methanogens and halophiles, Prokaryotic cells, includes autotrophs and heterotrophs.
Eukarya: Includes plants, animals and fungi, eukaryotic cells, includes autotrophs and hetrotrophs.
Explanation:
Bacteria are the unicellular prokaryotes with a distinct feature of cell wall made up of peptidoglycan.
Archaea: They are unicellular and lack a defined nuclei and lives in extreme climate.
Eukarya: multicellular, Eukaryotic, well-defined nucleus, membrane-bound organelle, no cell wall.
Answer:
If the cancer cell's DNA is sequenced than the anticipated results will be that the cytosines in or close to the promoter region will get methylated. It has been stated that in the cancer cells one allele of p53 is mutated and the other allele, however, of exhibiting an intact promoter, does not express the protein.
Thus, it shows that the expression in the other allele gets suppressed by methylation rather than by mutation. Methylation generally takes place in CpG islands in or close to the promoter region and therefore inhibits transcription.
An endergonic reaction, like photosynthesis, refers to a reaction, which needs the energy to be driven. The activation energy for the reaction is usually greater in comparison to the entire energy of the exergonic reaction. The endergonic reactions are non-spontaneous.
In the given case, in order to accomplish the process, the coupling of the endergonic reaction, that is, thermodynamically unstable reaction with an exergonic, that is, the thermodynamically stable reaction is done so that the entire free-energy change of the coupled reactions becomes negative.
Answer: the factors that increase cardiac output include:
--> Nervous stimulation and
--> Hypertrophy of the heart.
Explanation:
Cardiac output can be defined as the quantity of blood pumped into the aorta each minute by the heart. This is also the quantity of blood that flows through the circulation. There are factors that can cause increased cardiac output or that can lead to a hypereffective heart. They are:
--> NERVOUS STIMULATION: The combination of sympathetic stimulation and parasympathetic inhibition does two things to increase the pumping effectiveness or cardiac output of the heart. These include:
• it greatly increase the heart rate from the normal level of 72 beats/mum up to 180 to 200 beats /mom.
• it increases the strength of heart contraction, which is called increased contractility to twice it's normal strength.
--> HYPERTROPHY OF THE HEART: A long term increased workload, but not so much excess load that it damages the heart, causes the heart muscle to increase in mass and contractile strength in the same way that heavy exercise causes skeletal muscles to hypertrophy. This effect of increased muscle mass of the heart, allows the heart to pump much greater than usual amounts of cardiac output.
<span>Steroids are lipids and are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, while enzymes are proteins and are made up of amino acids. </span>
