The black stallion because they are the one the action is being performed by
Settlers in the Southern colonies came to America to seek economic prosperity they could not find in Old England. The English countryside provided a grand existence of stately manors and high living. But rural England was full, and by law those great estates could only be passed on to the eldest son.
It's a positive reinforcement because she received a reward.
A system of interlocking and interdependent food chains.