Limiting factors are factors that can change growth rate of the populations. Limiting factors are the availability of food, water, shelter, disease or relationships between organisms like competition for resources or predation. So, for example, if one animal's population decreases (due to disease), the population of animals that eats that animal might also decrease (due to decreased food).
Infectious agents might be transmitted through the direct contact (person-to person or droplet spread) or indirectly through the airborne transmission, contaminated objects, insect bites, water and food, animal-to-person contact..
The cell membrane is just like the other organelles of cells in that it serves the cell by having its own specialized jobs. One of its jobs is to control what enters and exits the cell and thereby to protect the cell.
The answer is quite simple. "[Two sets of] identical twins will not have identical offspring, apair of identical twins marrying identical twins is called a 'quaternary marriage. ' Although rare, they do happen.
The nitrogen is passed through the food chain by animals that consume the plants, and then released into the soil by decomposer bacteria when they die.
