Answer:
Before-tax cost of debt ⇒ A. The interest rate the firm must pay on new long-term borrowing.
This refers to the interest rate that a firm will pay on long term borrowing as compensation to the lenders for lending the company some funds.
Cost of preferred stock ⇒ C. rate of return investors require based on the preferred stock dividend.
The cost of the preferred stock is the rate of the preferred dividend that investors require they are paid every year if dividends can be paid and sometimes even when it cannot.
Cost of Common Stock ⇒ B. the rate of return on retained earnings, and adjusted for flotation costs .
Commons stock costs is the required return on the retained earnings of a company.
WACC ⇒ D. the average cost of raising new financing.
Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) represents the total cost of raising capital for the company as it incorporates the costs of debt, preferred stock and common stock.
The answer is TRUE
Realism and idealism are divergent <span>schools of thought in international relations </span><span>theory. </span>The development of modern realist theory was as a reaction<span> to a liberal tradition that was labelled by the realists as idealism. Although the idealist themselves do not consider</span><span> their approach as unrealistic, the realists think it is.</span>
Answer:
The correct answer is normative analysis.
Explanation:
A positive analysis is the one that attempts to reflect reality with statements of cause and effect and is used mainly in microeconomics. On the other hand, a normative analysis, in which reality is prescribed, that is, we go beyond explanation and prediction, value judgments are used.
In contrast to the positive analysis, the normative analysis responds how the law should achieve efficiency objectives. This analysis assumes that efficiency is an objective that law should reflect and that legal norms should change when they fail. From this perspective, efficiency is a social value that the Law should promote.
Answer: Option (B) is correct.
Explanation:
The nominal GDP is equal to the real GDP in the base year, that's why GDP deflator in the base year is equal to 100.
GDP deflator is calculated as the nominal GDP divided by the real GDP multiply by 100. It is shown as:
GDP deflator = 
GDP deflator would be used as the conversion factor that transformed the real GDP into nominal GDP.
B. Interact with customers after they have purchased the product.
For example, if you are having trouble with a product or it has a malfunction, you would call the customer service for the company/product for assistance.
