The two sides in the American Revolution were the British Army and their colonial 'loyalist' supporters as well as the American Revolutionary forces.They differed in that the British Army sought to prevent the American American colonies from succeeding from their control and establishing an in dependant country. The American Colonial forces wanted to break free from British rule and establish an independently ruled nation of their own.
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Thomas Jefferson was appointed by Congress to a five-person committee in charge of writing The Declaration of Independence. The other four members were John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston. Jefferson was responsible for writing the first draft—within 17 days, the draft document was written, reviewed and revised by the committee, and presented to Congress.
It was a mixture of various reasons, although for the Spanish and Portuguese it was a question of reaching India for spice trades after the embargo instated on them by the Ottoman Turks.
The Portuguese went around Africa, and the Spanish tried sailing west across the barren ocean, and accidentally discovered America through Columbus.