Answer:
Semi-conservative replication is meant for the description of DNA replication and it i s called so because parent DNA helix produces two copies of original DNA, one of which consist of original DNA.
The three main steps in DNA replication includes Initiation, Elongation and Termination.
In the initiation phase, replication begins at origin of replication where helicase enzyme breaks the hydrogen bonds between base pairs and tends to unwind the double helix where the topoisomerase stabilizes the newly formed single strand DNA. DNA polymerase allows elongation to occur in leading direction and catalyses the addition of new nucleotide to new single strands. short sequences of RNA called primers paired to template strands with the help of primase. replication of both strands occurs at the same time one in continuous (3'-5') and other in discontinuous (5'-3') direction, which are called leading strands. new nucleotides added in 3' end and moving to replication fork while discontinuous synthesis occur on parent strand (5'-3') called lagging strand and completed in segments called okazaki fragments. Then primase add primers ahead at 5' end of the lagging strand. DNA polymerase ||| adds short sequences of nucleotides to the primer. During termination, exonuclease replaces DNA primer and DNA nucleotide and DNA ligase helps in making bonding between fragments and replaced nucleotide. Another exonuclease helps in proofreading the newly formed DNA and corrects the errors in sequences. At the end of the parent strands, telomeres are present which keeps on catalyzing by telomerase and completes, the formation of copies of parent DNA.
Make ATP.
This is very unefficient, and the reaction does not make a lot of ATP.
Answer;
-Adhesion
Explanation;
-Adhesion is the attraction between water and other molecules.
Adhesion and cohesion are water properties that affect every water molecule on earth and also the interaction of water molecules with molecules of other substances.
-Adhesion is observed when water moves up the tube placed in a glass of water: the water appears to be higher on the sides of the tube than in the middle. This is because the water molecules are attracted to the charged glass walls of the capillary more than they are to each other and therefore adhere to it. This type of adhesion is called capillary action.
-Cohesive and adhesive forces are important for the transport of water from the roots to the leaves in plants.
Answer:
Explanation:
Active cellular transport:
- It is the movement of molecules against the concentration gradient (from low concentration to high).
- Active transport requires expense of energy supplied by ATP.
- It is a rapid way to transport of large sized molecules.
Passive cellular transport:
- It is the movement of molecules along the concentration gradient (from high concentration to low).
- Passive transport does not require expense of energy.
- It is a slow process and small sized molecules get transprorted.
