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Wittaler [7]
2 years ago
15

las edades de dos hermanos suman 38 años, calcularlas, sabiendo que la edad de uno es superior en 8años a la edad del otro

Mathematics
1 answer:
steposvetlana [31]2 years ago
5 0

Teniendo en cuenta la definición de sistema de ecuaciones lineales, las edades de los hermanos son 15 y 23 años.

<h3>Definición de sistema de ecuaciones</h3>

Un sistema de ecuaciones lineales es un conjunto de dos o más ecuaciones de primer grado, en el cual se relacionan dos o más incógnitas.

Resolver un sistema de ecuaciones consiste en encontrar el valor de cada incógnita para que se cumplan todas las ecuaciones del sistema. Es decir, se debe buscar los valores de las incógnitas, con los cuales al reemplazar, deben dar la solución planteada en ambas ecuaciones.

<h3>Edad de dos hermanos</h3>

En este caso, se debe plantear un sistema de ecuaciones lineales teniendo en cuenta que:

  • x= edad de un hermano.
  • y= edad de otro hermano.

Por un lado, las edades de dos hermanos suman 38 años. Esto se expresa mediante: x+y= 38

Por otro lado, la edad de uno es superior en 8 años a la edad del otro, expresado mediante x=y +8

Entonces, el sistema de ecuaciones a resolver es:

\left \{ {{x+y=38} \atop {x=y+8}} \right.

Existiendo diversos métodos para resolver un sistema de ecuaciones, se decide resolver mediante el método de sustitución, que consiste en despejar una de las dos variables en una de las ecuaciones del sistema y sustituir su valor en la otra ecuación.

En este caso, en la segunda ecuación la variable "x" ya se encuentra aislada. Entonces, reemplazando dicha expresión en la primer ecuación se llega a:

y +8 +y= 38

Resolviendo:

2y + 8=38

2y= 38 -8

2y=30

y=30 ÷2

<u><em>y=15</em></u>

Finalmente, para obtener el valor de y se reemplaza en la  segunda ecuación, y resolviendo se obtiene:

x= y + 8

x= 15 + 8

<u><em>x=23</em></u>

Finalmente, las edades de los hermanos son 15 y 23 años.

Aprende más sobre sistemas de ecuaciones lineales:

<u>brainly.com/question/15924499?referrer=searchResults</u>

<u>brainly.com/question/17411423?referrer=searchResults</u>

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