The question is incomplete. Th ecomplete question is as following:
All of the following protect the skin and mucous membranes from infection EXCEPT
A) multiple layers of cells.
B) tears.
C) saliva.
D) HCl.
E) the "ciliary escalator."
Answer: D) HCl.
Explanation:
- The epidermis, the outer layer of the skin provides waterproofing and serves as a barrier to infection and other laers also sustain any type of injury.
- Tears wash out foreign bodies which enter the eye. In addition, tears contain a substance called lysozyme which has an antibacterial function and works to prevent microbial invasion and infection.
- Saliva protects against infection, especially via the innate immune system. This mechanism is an important first-line protection against bacterial and viral infection
- The mucociliar escalator is within the conducting airways and is composed of mucus and cilia that transfer the mucus up and out of the lungs where it can be removed by coughing or swallowing,
Whereas HCL helps in the digestion process.
Hence, the correct option is D.
d. The farther an electron is from the nucleus, the greater its energy.
Explanation:
The energy of an electron relates with the distance from the nucleus in that the farther an electron is from the nucleus, the greater its energy.
The nucleus of an atom is where the protons and neutrons are located.
Electrons orbits round the nucleus in certain permissible energy levels.
- According to quantum mechanics and the Bohr's model of the atom, the energy levels of orbital electron is quantized.
- The ground state is the state with the lowest energy and close to the nucleus.
- The outer most electrons are located in the highest energy levels
- Therefore, the farther an electrons is from the nucleus, the greater its energy
learn more:
Bohr's model of the atom brainly.com/question/2965079
#learnwithBrainly
Hello!
Fungi are natural decomposers in ecosystems. They break down waste and dead organisms, and return the nutrients back into the ecosystem so more plants can receive nutrients, animals can eat those plants, and so on and so forth.
If all the fungi died out, things that decompose it will remain, and the nutrients will not return to the ecosystem. This will cause the plants to receive less nutrients, along with the animals, and as the cycle continues plants will not have enough nutrients to become a sustainable food source. If this happened, the herbivores would not have food and die out. The creatures that eat the herbivores would not have their food either. Eventually us humans will not have good food sources due to lack of nutrients.
In terms of the economy, many animals are sold in the stock market or sent to stores for humans to buy. If there was a large decrease in cattle, for example, the cattle stock would disappear and all the shares in that stock would be lost. This would make a lot of problems, and as the stock market is very complicated and large scale it would be an absolute disaster if an entire stock disappeared. It also wouldn't be JUST cattle. Wheat, corn, and crop stocks would be lost too. Other animal or livestock stocks would be lost as well. This could eventually cause the stock market to crash in a way, which would lead to the Great Depression. Just because of fungicide.
It's not like you would put down some fungicide and the stock market would crash a month later. It would be a very slow and gradual thing, which is good so we can keep things like that from happening right now!
Hope this helped!
The freshwater biome is made up of any of body of water that is made of freshwater such as lakes, ponds, streams, and rivers. They cover roughly 20% of the Earth and are in various locations spread out all over the world. Most freshwater biomes consist of moving water and contain many types of fish
