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maria [59]
3 years ago
14

Write the pseudocode for linear search, which scans through the sequence, looking for ν. Using a loop invariant, prove that your

algorithm is correct. Make sure that your loop invariant fulfills the three necessary properties.
Computers and Technology
1 answer:
zavuch27 [327]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

1 for i = 1 to A.length

2 if A[i] = nu

3 return i

4 return NIL

Explanation:

Loop invariant:

At the start of each iteration of the for loop of lines 1-3, there is no j<i such that A[j]=ν.

Initialization:

At the beginning of the first iteration, we have i=1, so there is no j<i such that A[j]=ν.

Maintenance:

We fix i and assume there is no j<i such that A[j]=ν.

If A[i]=ν, then we return a value, so then there are no more iterations, so the property is preserved.

If A[i]≠ν, then there is no j<i+1 such that A[j]=ν, which is the desired property for the next step.

Termination:

The loop terminates either for i=A.length+1, or if ever we encounter A[i]=ν.

In the first case, then there is no 1≤j≤A.length such that A[j]=ν, and we are correctly returning NIL

In the second case, if we encounter some i such that A[i]=ν, we are correctly returning i.

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Use JavaWrite a program that will simulate a change machine found at cash registers. Input the amount due and amount paid from t
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Answer:

Here is the JAVA program:

import java.util.Scanner;  //to accept input from user

public class Main { // class name

 public static void main(String [] args) {  // start of main method

   Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);  // creates Scanner class object to take input from user

   System.out.println("Please Enter the Cost of the Item: ");  // prompts user to enter the cost of item

   double itemCost = input.nextDouble();  //scans and reads the input value of item cost

   System.out.println("Please Enter the Amount Paid: ");  // prompts user to enter the amount paid

   double amount = input.nextDouble();  //scans and reads the value of amount from user

   int change = (int)(amount * 100 - itemCost * 100);  //compute the remaining amount i.e. change

   System.out.println("Change Owed: " + change / 100.0);  // displays the owed change

   int quarters = change / 25;  // computes the value for quarters

   change = change % 25;  // compute the quarters remaining

   int dimes = change / 10;  //  computes dimes

   change = change % 10;  //  computes dimes remaining

   int nickels = change / 5;  // computes nickels

   change = change % 5;  // compute nickels remaining

   int pennies = change;  // computes pennies

   System.out.println("Quarters: " + quarters);  // displays computed value of quarters

   System.out.println("Dimes: " + dimes);  // displays value of dimes

   System.out.println("Nickels: " + nickels);  // displays value of nickels

   System.out.println("Pennies: " + pennies);   }} //displays value of pennies

Explanation:

I will explain the program with an examples.

Suppose the user enters 4.57 as cost of the item and 5.00 as amount paid. Then the program works as follows:

Change is computed as

change = (int)(amount * 100 - itemCost * 100);

This becomes;

change = (int)(5.00 * 100 - 4.57 * 100)

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change = 43

Now the change owed is computed as:

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Hence change owed = 0.43

Next quarters are computed as:

quarters = change / 25;

This becomes:

quarters = 43/25

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Now the remaining is computed as:

   change = change % 25;

This becomes:

   change = 43 % 25;

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Next the dimes are computed from remaining value of change as:

dimes = change / 10;

dimes = 18 / 10

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Now the remaining is computed as:

   change = change % 10;

This becomes:

   change = 18 % 10

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Next the nickels are computed from remaining value of change as:

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nickels = 8 / 5

nickels = 1

Now the remaining is computed as:

   change = change % 5;

This becomes:

   change = 8 % 5

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pennies = change;

pennies = 3

So the output of the entire program is:

Change Owed: 0.43                                                                                                                Quarters: 1                                                                                                                      Dimes: 1                                                                                                                         Nickels: 1                                                                                                                       Pennies: 3  

The screenshot of the output is attached.

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