The joint sector would include units in which both public and private investments have taken place and where the state takes an active part in direction and control.
Explanation:
According to JRD Tata a joint sector enterprise is intended to form a partnership between the private sector and the Govt. The term 'joint sector' is applied to an undertaking only when both its ownership and control are effectively shared between public sector agencies and a private group. The basic idea underlying the concept is combination of joint ownership, joint control and professional management.
The joint sector would include units in which both public and private investments have taken place and where the state takes an active part in direction and control.
I don't know if you mean the equation simplified, but the first property to any equation or expression is "given." (without the quotation marks, of course.)
