All other organs, ducts, and glands in the reproductive system are considered secondary, or accessory, reproductive organs. These structures transport and sustain the gametes and nature the developing offspring.
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Answer:
Science has a central role in shaping what count as environmental problems. This has been evident most recently in the success of planetary science and environmental activism in stimulating awareness and discussion of global environmental problems. We advance three propositions about the special relationship between environmental science and politics: (1) in the formulation of science, not just in its application, certain courses of action are facilitated over others; (2) in global environmental discourse, moral and technocratic views of social action have been privileged; and (3) global environmental change, as science and movement ideology, is vulnerable to deconstructive pressures. These stem from different nations and differentiated social groups within nations having different interests in causing and alleviating environmental problems. We develop these propositions through a reconstruction of The Limits to Growth study of the early 1970s, make extensions to current studies of the human/social impacts of climate change, and review current sources of opposition to global and political formulations of environmental issues.
Answer:
The correct answer would be Atria push blood into the ventricles and Ventricles push blood out of the heart.
In humans, four chambered heart is present with two atria and two ventricles.
Deoxygenated blood from all over the body is passed into the right atrium through vena cava (superior and inferior).
Simultaneously, oxygenated blood from the lungs is passed into the left atrium of the heart with the help of pulmonary vein.
Both the atria contract at the same time to drain their blood into respective ventricles.
The ventricles undergo relaxation while receiving blood.
The valves present between the atria and ventricles (tricuspid and bicuspid valve) ensures that the blood flows in one way direction only. They shut down as the ventricles contract and produce the sound "lub".
The ventricles contract simultaneously to pump blood out of the heart. The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary artery which takes the blood to the lungs for oxygenation.
The left ventricle passes the oxygenated blood through aorta to all the parts of the body.
The pulmonary and aortic valves prevent the back flow of blood and shut at the same time which creates second sound called as "dub".
In addition to loss of muscle mass, inadequate calorie intake can lead to loss of bone density and an increased risk of fatigue, illness, injuries and poor recovery.
<h3>Why is it important to consume adequate calories?</h3>
- When your consumption of calories is not adequate, your body will not get all the necessary nutrients.
- It slows down the metabolism so as to conserve energy
- Calorie restriction can lead to reduce in leptin, a hormone that regulates appetite.
- Lower levels of leptin can lead to increase in hunger thus a person overeats. This results in increase in body weight.
- Low-calorie dieting increases stress and results in the release of the stress hormone (cortisol).
- Due to response to stress, the body conserves energy and the metabolism slows to combat the risk of starvation.
- Therefore, it is important to consume appropriate amount of calories and nutrients.
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