The anterior fontanel is a diamond-shaped area where the frontal and parietal bones meet. It closes between 12 and 18 months of age. Vigorous crying may cause the fontanel to bulge, which is a normal finding. A nurse is performing an assessment on a postterm infant.
<h3>What is anterior fontanel?</h3>
- This is the junction where the 2 frontal and 2 parietal bones meet. The anterior fontanelle stays soft until about 18 months to 2 years of age. Doctors can consider if there is increased intracranial pressure by touching the anterior fontanelle.
- The fontanel can broaden in the first few months of life,18 and the median age of closure is 13.8 months. By three months of age, the anterior fontanel is secured in 1 percent of infants; by 12 months, it is closed in 38 percent; and by 24 months, it is closed in 96 percent.
- The fontanelle allows the skull to distort during birth to facilitate its passage through the birth canal and for expansion of the brain after birth. Skull at birth, showing frontal and occipital fonticuli. The anterior fontanelle normally closes between the periods of 12 and 18 months.
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<h3><u>
Diabetes mellitus and Diabetes Insipidus
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Explanation:
Diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus are both metabolic endocrine diseases caused due to hormonal imbalance.
<u>Etiology</u><u>:
</u>
<u>Organ and hormone involved</u><u>: </u>
Diabetes mellitus occurs due to inefficiency of the pancreas to produce sufficient amount of the hormone insulin or lack of insulin action resulting in uncontrolled blood glucose levels.
Diabetes insipidus occurs due to inefficiency of the pituitary glands to produce sufficient amount of the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin or lack of vasopressin action resulting in uncontrolled water metabolism.
<u>Signs and symptoms:
</u>
Diabetes mellitus results in increasing blood glucose levels, polyuria and nocturia, polydipsia, polyphagia, fatigue and various other complications affecting eyes, kidneys, nervous system, and heart as the disease progresses.
Diabetes insipidus results in increasing water levels due kidneys excreting large amounts of diluted urine leading to polyuria, polydipsia, and excessive dehydration and fatigue.
<u>Diagnostic/lab tests and results:
</u>
Diabetes mellitus is tested by testing blood glucose levels.
Diabetes insipidus is tested by testing water deprivation or vasopressin level test/the 24-hour urine for urine osmolality levels along with serum electrolyte level tests.
These tests are based on response to vasopressin, urine concentration abilities, urine osmolality, and electrolyte levels of the blood.
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Answer:
In this scenario what are the primary ethical concerns and… ... concerns and what should Dr. Edwards do? things to consider: AMA Code of ethics. Disclosure Office procedures. Patient Trust Legal Risks *not multiple choice* ... onsider: AMA Code of ethics Disclosure Office procedures Patient Trust Legal
Explanation: